2024 Nz dermnet - Melanoma of the nail unit is usually a variant of acral lentiginous melanoma, a malignant melanoma arising from the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. Other rare forms of melanoma that may arise in the nail unit are nodular melanoma or desmoplastic melanoma. Melanoma of the nail unit most often affects the great toe and thumbnail ...

 
A solitary cutaneous neurofibroma is a common nerve -sheath tumour. It presents as a skin-coloured, soft-to-firm papule or nodule with a smooth surface. Characteristically, pressing on the lesion with a finger causes it to fold in so that the outer surface becomes an inner one, a manoeuvre called "buttonhole invagination".. Nz dermnet

Methylisothiazolinone allergy is diagnosed from the clinical history and by performing patch tests to MI and MCI/MI mix. MI is tested 0.2% in aqueous solution. MCI/MI is tested as a 0.01% mix in aqueous solution. These are both included in the Australasian Standard Series. Only CMI/MI is available in the True Test Kit and one study in 2015 …See full list on dermnetnz.org Trichotillomania is estimated to affect up to 4% of the general population. It can affect males and females of any age but is more common in children than in adults. Peak of onset usually occurs in the pre-school years and also in early adolescence, usually around the time of puberty. In children, trichotillomania affects boys and girls equally ... Author: Qiuyu Jin, Medical Student, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. DermNet NZ Editor in Chief: Adjunct A/Prof Amanda Oakley, Dermatologist, Hamilton, New Zealand. Copy edited by Gus Mitchell/Maria McGivern. June 2019. DermNet NZ … Measles vaccine induces long-term (probably life-long) immunity in most individuals. Vaccination schedules recommend a two-dose immunisation strategy; the first dose at 12–15 months of age, followed by a second dose at 4–6 years. Measles vaccine should not be given during pregnancy. Malignant melanoma may arise from melanocytes found on the skin or rarely from mucosal surfaces, under the nails and in the meninges. Melanoma may arise from common acquired naevi or from dysplastic naevi. They may also arise from the solar lentigo or atypical lentigo. Most arise de novo. The dermoscopic features are enormously variable.Seborrhoeic keratosis is a harmless warty spot that appears during adult life as a common sign of skin ageing. Some people have hundreds of them. Seborrhoeic keratosis (American spelling - seborrheic keratosis) is also called SK, basal cell papilloma, senile wart, brown wart, wisdom wart, or barnacle. The descriptive term, benign keratosis, is ...It feels soft and smooth and is easily moved under the skin with the fingers. It may have a rubbery or doughy consistency. Lipomas are most common on the shoulders, neck, trunk and arms, but they can occur anywhere on the body where fat tissue is present. Most lipomas are symptomless, but some are painful when applying pressure.DermNet NZ revision August 2021. Table of contents. Introduction Demographics Causes Clinical features Diagnosis Treatment Outlook. What is pityriasis versicolor? Pityriasis …Parkes-Weber syndrome refers to the association of a capillary vascular malformation with an arteriovenous malformation. The birthmark tends to be quite large. It is often faint pink, but may also be bright red in colour. The affected limb is warmer and longer than the other side, though of normal shape.Acne conglobata is a rare severe form of nodulocystic acne. It presents with groups of multiple comedones and inflammatory papules, pustules, and nodules involving the trunk, limbs, and buttocks. Interconnecting abscesses and draining sinuses become secondarily infected causing pain and malodour. Healing is slow, leaving unsightly hypertrophic ... Measles vaccine induces long-term (probably life-long) immunity in most individuals. Vaccination schedules recommend a two-dose immunisation strategy; the first dose at 12–15 months of age, followed by a second dose at 4–6 years. Measles vaccine should not be given during pregnancy. Lentigo maligna is a precursor to lentigo maligna melanoma, a potentially serious form of skin cancer. Lentigo maligna is also known as Hutchinson melanotic freckle. Lentigo maligna is an early form of melanoma in which the malignant cells are confined to the tissue of origin, the epidermis, hence it is often reported as ‘ in situ ’ melanoma.Ichthyosis vulgaris is characterised by excessive dry, scaly skin. It is the most common form of the inherited ichthyoses. The name “ichthyosis“ is derived from the Greek root “ichythys” meaning fish, to which ichthyosis vulgaris owes its other names, “fish scale disease,” or “fish skin disease”; “vulgaris” means common. Trichotillomania is estimated to affect up to 4% of the general population. It can affect males and females of any age but is more common in children than in adults. Peak of onset usually occurs in the pre-school years and also in early adolescence, usually around the time of puberty. In children, trichotillomania affects boys and girls equally ... Anogenital warts are an infection caused by specific human papillomavirus types, most commonly HPV types 6 and 11. Warts will usually appear three to six months after infection but they may appear months or even years later. Anogenital warts are usually a sexually transmitted infection (STI).Miliaria rubra, the most common form of heat rash, results in red, 2–4 mm, non- follicular papules and papulovesicles. They are very itchy. Background erythema is often present. In children, miliaria involves the trunk and the skin folds of the neck, axilla or groin. In adults, miliaria often affects the upper trunk, scalp, neck and flexures ...It feels soft and smooth and is easily moved under the skin with the fingers. It may have a rubbery or doughy consistency. Lipomas are most common on the shoulders, neck, trunk and arms, but they can occur anywhere on the body where fat tissue is present. Most lipomas are symptomless, but some are painful when applying pressure.Atopic dermatitis, also called atopic eczema, the most common inflammatory skin disease worldwide, presents as generalised skin dryness, itch, and rash. Dry atopic dermatitis in an extensor pattern. Acute flexural …Measles vaccine induces long-term (probably life-long) immunity in most individuals. Vaccination schedules recommend a two-dose immunisation strategy; the first dose at 12–15 months of age, followed by a second dose at 4–6 years. Measles vaccine should not be given during pregnancy.Decreased arterial flow. The blockage or narrowing of arteries by the small clots that lead to blue toe syndrome can result from a number of different conditions.. Embolisation. Cholesterol emboli are cholesterol fragments or fibrin – platelet material released into the bloodstream from ulcerated arteriosclerotic plaques in the large arteries (eg, the aorta, …Skin conditions caused or aggravated by infection by malassezia include: Pityriasis versicolor – most often due to M. globosa, M. sympodialis and M. furfur. Malassezia folliculitis due to the yeast growing in the hair follicles where they produce inflammation. Steroid acne. Seborrhoeic dermatitis, dandruff, sebopsoriasis and facial or scalp ... Urticaria is characterised by very itchy weals (hives), with or without surrounding erythematous flares. The name urticaria is derived from the common European stinging nettle Urtica dioica . Urticaria can be acute or chronic, spontaneous or inducible. A weal (or wheal) is a superficial skin-coloured or pale skin swelling, usually surrounded by ... Clinical features. Rosacea is characterized by mid-facial erythema, asymptomatic dome-shaped inflammatory papules and superficial pustules. The fleshy part of the nose may slowly enlarge with prominent pores and fibrous thickening (rhinophyma). Persistent swelling may also affect cheeks, earlobes, forehead and eyelids.Ichthyosis vulgaris is characterised by excessive dry, scaly skin. It is the most common form of the inherited ichthyoses. The name “ichthyosis“ is derived from the Greek root “ichythys” meaning fish, to which ichthyosis vulgaris owes its other names, “fish scale disease,” or “fish skin disease”; “vulgaris” means common.Sun damage ( photoageing, actinic keratoses) Repeated prior episodes of sunburn. Fair skin, blue eyes and blond or red hair — note; BCC can also affect darker skin types. Previous cutaneous injury, thermal burn, disease (eg cutaneous lupus, sebaceous naevus) Inherited syndromes: BCC is a particular problem for families with basal cell naevus ...Angioedema is caused by an increase in local capillary permeability and plasma extravasation, usually mediated by mast cells, histamine, or bradykinin release. Angioedema is most commonly histamine-mediated; mast cell and basophil stimulation results in histamine release. Angioedema with urticaria tends to suggest a histaminergic … Dermatomyositis is thought to be caused by a microangiopathy affecting skin and muscle. There is a genetic predisposition to the development of dermatomyositis such as the PTPN22 gene and HLA associations identified include: Anti-Mi-2 antibodies: HLA DRB1*07 and DQA*0201. Silica exposure — in tradespeople. Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the skin and mucosal surfaces. Learn about its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment, and complications with images and references from DermNet NZ, a comprehensive online resource for skin health. Miliaria rubra, the most common form of heat rash, results in red, 2–4 mm, non- follicular papules and papulovesicles. They are very itchy. Background erythema is often present. In children, miliaria involves the trunk and the skin folds of the neck, axilla or groin. In adults, miliaria often affects the upper trunk, scalp, neck and flexures ...Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD or HFM) is a common, self-limiting, viral infection that causes blisters on the hands, feet, and inside or around the mouth. It mainly affects children under the age of 5 years. HFMD, also called enteroviral vesicular stomatitis, occurs sporadically worldwide. Epidemics are most common during warm weather ...DermNet NZ is a comprehensive online resource for skin diseases and conditions. Learn about acne, a common chronic disorder affecting the hair follicle and sebaceous gland, its causes, features, treatment options, and …Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune inflammatory condition. It results in potentially widespread fibrosis and vascular abnormalities, which can affect the skin, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, heart and kidneys. The skin becomes thickened and hard ( sclerotic ). Systemic sclerosis has been subdivided into two main subtypes, according to ...DermNet NZ is a comprehensive online resource for skin diseases and conditions. Learn about acne, a common chronic disorder affecting the hair follicle and sebaceous gland, its causes, features, treatment options, and …Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), also called acne inversa, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects apocrine gland -bearing skin in the axillae, groin, and under the breasts. It is characterised by persistent or recurrent boil-like nodules and abscesses that culminate in a purulent discharge, sinuses, and scarring.What are the clinical features of guttate psoriasis? Acute onset over days. Numerous small patches (<1 cm) Pink, scaly, thin patches or plaques of psoriasis. Scale can be subtle in early lesions. Widespread lesions predominantly over the trunk and limbs. Lesions on the face, scalp, and ears tend to be faint and short-lived.The epidermis is the uppermost or epithelial layer of the skin. It acts as a physical barrier, preventing loss of water from the body, and preventing entry of substances and organisms into the body. Its thickness varies according to the body site. The epidermis consists of stratified squamous epithelium. That means it consists of layers of ... Dermatoporosis is a term used to describe chronic cutaneous insufficiency and fragility associated with both intrinsic and extrinsic ageing. The features of dermatoporosis include: Skin fragility and atrophy. Senile purpura. Stellate pseudoscars (star-shaped white patches) Non-healing atrophic ulcers. Appearance. A cutaneous horn generally presents as a straight or curved, hard, yellow-brown projection from the skin. It can be surrounded by normal skin or have a border of thickened skin. The side of the horn may be terrace-like or oyster shell-like with horizontal ridges. The base of the horn may be flat, protruding, or like a crater. Measles vaccine induces long-term (probably life-long) immunity in most individuals. Vaccination schedules recommend a two-dose immunisation strategy; the first dose at 12–15 months of age, followed by a second dose at 4–6 years. Measles vaccine should not be given during pregnancy. This refers to a depression in the skin due to the elastic tissue within the dermis that is lost. Less commonly, acne scarring can result in a keloid or hypertrophic scar. A hypertrophic scar is the same size as the acne lesion that caused it, while a keloid scar is an excessive scar formation often larger than the causative lesion.Scalp tumours occur worldwide. Most scalp tumours (93–99%) are benign as opposed to malignant. Approximately 40–50% of benign scalp tumours are cysts with an estimated 20% incidence in Western populations. Trichilemmal (or pilar) cysts are especially common and it is estimated 80% of these cysts occur on the scalp.Principles of treatment. Despite recent advances in our understanding of the mechanism of how psoriasis develops, psoriasis may be difficult to treat; there is currently no cure and … Risankizumab is an interleukin IL-23 antagonist indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in adults who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy [1]. Risankizumab was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in April 2019, in Japan in March 2019, and by the European Union in March 2019. Treatment for acne depends on the patient's age and sex, the extent and the severity of the acne, how long it has been present, and response to previous treatments. Treatment for mild acne includes topical anti-acne preparations, lasers and lights. Treatment for moderate acne includes antibiotics such as tetracyclines and/or antiandrogens such ... Scabies is a transmissible skin disease caused by the ectoparasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. This variant infests humans only; scabies cannot be caught or transferred to other animals. Scabies is a highly contagious infestation of the human epidermis. Scabies was described by Aristotle who likened the disease to lice of the flesh. Pityriasis versicolor affects the trunk, neck, and/or arms, and is uncommon on other parts of the body. The patches may be coppery brown, paler than surrounding skin, or pink. Pale patches may be more common in darker skin; this appearance is known as pityriasis versicolor alba. Sometimes the patches start scaly and brown, and then resolve ... Treatment of seborrhoeic dermatitis often involves several of the following options. Keratolytics : used to remove scale when necessary, e.g. salicylic acid, lactic acid, urea, propylene glycol. Topical antifungal agents: applied to reduce Malassezia e.g. ketoconazole, or ciclopirox shampoo and/or cream. A target lesion is a round skin lesion with three concentric colour zones: A bright red outermost ring. Target lesions typically occur in erythema multiforme. They can arise on any body site, including face, upper chest, back, arms, legs, hands, feet and mucous membranes (such as the lips). A target lesion is also called a bulls-eye lesion or a ...Hyperhidrosis is the name given to excessive and uncontrollable sweating. Sweat is a weak salt solution produced by the eccrine sweat glands. These are distributed over the entire body but are most numerous on the palms and soles (with about 700 glands per square centimetre). Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a common, rapidly growing, locally destructive skin tumour . KAs may regress spontaneously with scarring, but clinically they may be indistinguishable from well- differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and the clinical course may be unpredictable. Thus, many clinicians and pathologists prefer the term SCC, KA-type ... Dyshidrotic eczema (pompholyx) is a chronic, recurrent condition and appears as small, deep-seated, fluid-filled blisters (vesicles) on the sides of the fingers, hands, and feet. The vesicles are small (1–2mm), often symmetrical, with no associated erythema, and they do not occur elsewhere on the body. Vesicles may coalesce into larger blisters.DermNet is an authoritative source of clinically helpful information and an excellent image library for my own clinical practice, as well as for teaching students. Marion Hill. General …A medium congenital melanocytic naevi is 1.5–19.9 cm. A large or giant congenital melanocytic naevus is ≥ 20 cm in diameter. A modification of the above criteria is used in some centres [2] in an effort to increase the accuracy of classification. Small congenital melanocytic naevi are < 1.5 cm in diameter.DermNet NZ is a comprehensive online resource for skin health information. Learn about psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin condition with red and scaly plaques, its types, causes, diagnosis and treatment options.Pseudofolliculitis barbae (PFB) is a common inflammatory reaction of the hair follicle, most often on the face as a result of shaving. Also known as “razor bumps” or “shaving bumps”, it can also occur on any site where hair is shaved or plucked, including the axilla, pubic area, and legs. Folliculitis barbae presents similarly, but is ...Scalp tumours occur worldwide. Most scalp tumours (93–99%) are benign as opposed to malignant. Approximately 40–50% of benign scalp tumours are cysts with an estimated 20% incidence in Western populations. Trichilemmal (or pilar) cysts are especially common and it is estimated 80% of these cysts occur on the scalp.Definition. Dermatology is the medical discipline that is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the skin, hair, and nails in both children and adults. Specialists in dermatology are called dermatologists.. The New Zealand Dermatological Society’s definition is comprehensive: “Dermatology involves but is not limited to study, research, … Urticaria is characterised by very itchy weals (hives), with or without surrounding erythematous flares. The name urticaria is derived from the common European stinging nettle Urtica dioica . Urticaria can be acute or chronic, spontaneous or inducible. A weal (or wheal) is a superficial skin-coloured or pale skin swelling, usually surrounded by ... DermNet is a not-for-profit, independent health publishing organisation with a mission to make authoritative information about the skin accessible to anyone in the world. We have information about almost every skin condition and have a library of over 20,000 dermatology images. All of our content is created or reviewed by a dermatologist and we ...The epidermis is the uppermost or epithelial layer of the skin. It acts as a physical barrier, preventing loss of water from the body, and preventing entry of substances and organisms into the body. Its thickness varies according to the body site. The epidermis consists of stratified squamous epithelium. That means it consists of layers of ... A melanocytic naevus (American spelling ‘ nevus ’), or mole, is a common benign skin lesion due to a local proliferation of pigment cells ( melanocytes ). It is sometimes called a naevocytic naevus or just 'naevus' (but note that there are other types of naevi ). A brown or black melanocytic naevus contains the pigment melanin, so may also ... A target lesion is a round skin lesion with three concentric colour zones: A bright red outermost ring. Target lesions typically occur in erythema multiforme. They can arise on any body site, including face, upper chest, back, arms, legs, hands, feet and mucous membranes (such as the lips). A target lesion is also called a bulls-eye lesion or a ...Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, or DSAP, is an inherited keratinisation disorder that causes discrete dry patches on the arms and legs. DSAP is a special type of inherited 'sunspot". The name porokeratosis means scaly pore and is a misnomer as porokeratosis is not related to pores.It feels soft and smooth and is easily moved under the skin with the fingers. It may have a rubbery or doughy consistency. Lipomas are most common on the shoulders, neck, trunk and arms, but they can occur anywhere on the body where fat tissue is present. Most lipomas are symptomless, but some are painful when applying pressure. The features in common for benign skin lesions include: Symmetry in shape, colour and structure. Stable or slowly evolving. Absence of spontaneous bleeding (bleeding or ulceration may be due to recent injury). Benign lesions can be classified by their cellular origin: melanocytic, keratinocytic, vascular, fibrous, fat, and so on, Guttate psoriasis is a clinical diagnosis, aided by dermoscopy, which can be confirmed on skin biopsy. Examination and investigations should include a search for streptococcal infection. Tests may include: Swabs for bacteriology. Blood tests — Anti-streptolysin O titre (ASOT), anti-DNase B titre. Tender or asymptomatic. Actinic keratoses are very common on sites repeatedly exposed to the sun, especially the backs of the hands and the face, most often affecting the ears, nose, cheeks, upper lip, vermilion of the lower lip, temples, forehead, and balding scalp. In severely chronically sun-damaged individuals, they may also be found on the ... Rheumatoid arthritis initially affects the small joints, such as those in the hands, but in later stages can affect any joint. It presents as episodic flares of symmetrical synovitis (swelling, redness, pain of joints), morning stiffness, and enthesitis. Untreated, it progresses to irreversible joint destruction with loss of cartilage and bone. The term atypical naevus is sometimes used to mean any funny-looking mole, and sometimes to mean a melanocytic lesion that is suspected of being a melanoma (a cancerous mole). One definition of an atypical naevus is a mole with at least 3 of the following features. Size > 5 mm diameter. Ill-defined or blurred borders. Metastatic calcinosis cutis occurs in the setting of abnormal calcium and phosphate metabolism and is often associated with hypercalcaemia and/or hyperphosphataemia. Conditions that can cause metastatic calcinosis cutis may include: Primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism. Paraneoplastic hypercalcaemia. Destructive bone disease, such …Neurofibromatosis 1. NF1 occurs in about 1 in 3000 births. It also known as von Recklinghausen disease. It is characterised by the presence of: 6 or more café-au-lait macules — flat light brown birthmarks. Freckling in skin folds. Lisch nodules in the iris of the eye. Multiple neurofibromas — tumours that hang off the skin.Mycophenolate mofetil is an immunosuppressant approved for to prevent rejection of solid organ (kidney, liver, heart) transplants. Off-label use of mycophenolate mofetil is widespread in dermatology. Vitiligo, small vessel vasculitis, lichen planus and its variants, erythema multiforme, pyoderma gangrenosum, granulomatosis with polyangiitis ...Darier disease is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder classified as a hereditary acantholytic dermatosis. Darier disease typically presents with scaly crusted papules in a seborrhoeic distribution and in skin folds. Also …Acne products should be applied to all areas affected by acne, rather than just put on individual spots. A thin smear should only be applied to dry clean skin at nighttime. Acne products may work better if applied in the morning as well. They often cause dryness particularly in the first 2–4 weeks of use.Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the skin and mucosal surfaces. Learn about its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment, and complications with images … DermNet now features a library of authentic patient cases with images. These cover the various symptoms, diagnosis, treatments, and outcomes that can be expected in the real world. You'll find these cases listed below. All of our content is written by medical professionals and reviewed by dermatologists before being published. Erythroderma is the term used to describe intense and usually widespread reddening of the skin due to inflammatory skin disease. It often precedes or is associated with exfoliation (skin peeling off in scales or layers), when it may also be known as exfoliative dermatitis (ED).DermNet NZ is a comprehensive online resource for skin diseases and conditions. Learn about acne, a common chronic disorder affecting the hair follicle and sebaceous gland, its causes, features, treatment options, and …Lipodermatosclerosis is an inflammatory skin condition resulting from underlying venous insufficiency. This is caused by: Incompetent venous valves. Venous outflow obstruction. Dysfunction of the calf muscle pump [2]. The resulting venous hypertension causes an increase of leukocytes within the veins, which then migrate into surrounding tissue.Uownleasing, White wilson, Ogburn's, Slave to the needle ballard, Ars hvac, Superior die set, Vaabc, Forge lemont, Northern arizona healthcare, Burgland center roanoke, Justin hayward tour, Cataloochee ski, Casa diaz, Scheels chandler

Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a rare peripheral facial neuropathy. It is a type of shingles due to reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (VZV) in the geniculate ganglion of cranial nerve VII, which supplies the facial nerve. Ramsay Hunt syndrome is characterised by unilateral facial weakness and painful blisters — either in the ear canal on .... Planet fitness wichita ks

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Carotenoderma is due to carotenaemia. Primary carotenaemia is usually due to excessive intake of carotenoid-containing foods or supplements. Carotene is found in all pigmented fruits and vegetables. High levels are associated with a deep yellow, orange, or green colour. Examples of fruit and vegetables with a high β-carotene content include ...Metastatic calcinosis cutis occurs in the setting of abnormal calcium and phosphate metabolism and is often associated with hypercalcaemia and/or hyperphosphataemia. Conditions that can cause metastatic calcinosis cutis may include: Primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism. Paraneoplastic hypercalcaemia. Destructive bone disease, such …By definition, dermographism appearing at least 30 minutes after stroking. It may be described after a typical weal of immediate dermographism comes and goes, 3–6 hours later a wide weal reappears without a flare at the same site and persists for up to 48 hours. Associated with burning and tenderness of the weal.DermNet is a not-for-profit, independent health publishing organisation with a mission to make authoritative information about the skin accessible to anyone in the world. Learn …It feels soft and smooth and is easily moved under the skin with the fingers. It may have a rubbery or doughy consistency. Lipomas are most common on the shoulders, neck, trunk and arms, but they can occur anywhere on the body where fat tissue is present. Most lipomas are symptomless, but some are painful when applying pressure. Cutaneous features of periorificial dermatitis include: An acneiform eruption. Clusters of skin-coloured to red papules, vesicles, and pustules. Usually less than 2mm each; may coalesce into larger lesions. Erythematous base with a sharp border. Surrounding skin is often dry. Scaly and flaky skin surface. Folliculitis means an inflamed hair follicle due to any cause. The result is a tender red spot, often with a surface pustule. Folliculitis may be superficial or deep. It can affect anywhere there are hairs, including chest, back, buttocks, arms, and legs. Acne and its variants are also types of folliculitis.Infection of internal organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and brain ( encephalitis) Herpes zoster is infectious to people who have not previously had chickenpox. Herpes zoster in the early months of pregnancy can harm the fetus, but luckily this is rare. Shingles in late pregnancy can cause chickenpox in the fetus or newborn. Scabies is a transmissible skin disease caused by the ectoparasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. This variant infests humans only; scabies cannot be caught or transferred to other animals. Scabies is a highly contagious infestation of the human epidermis. Scabies was described by Aristotle who likened the disease to lice of the flesh. Introduction. If you don't find what you are looking for on this page, try DermNet's Glossary of Dermatology Terms or Dermatological diagnoses often have more than one name. . DermNet refers to various resources when naming conditions, including the World Health Organisation (WHO)'s International Classification of Diseases (see ICD11 coding tool), and the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine ... Ichthyosis vulgaris is characterised by excessive dry, scaly skin. It is the most common form of the inherited ichthyoses. The name “ichthyosis“ is derived from the Greek root “ichythys” meaning fish, to which ichthyosis vulgaris owes its other names, “fish scale disease,” or “fish skin disease”; “vulgaris” means common. Pityriasis rosea is a self-limiting rash, which resolves in about 6–10 weeks. It is characterised by a large circular or oval "herald patch", usually found on the chest, abdomen, or back. The herald patch is followed some time later, typically two weeks or so, by the development of smaller scaly oval red patches, resembling a Christmas tree ... Skin conditions caused or aggravated by infection by malassezia include: Pityriasis versicolor – most often due to M. globosa, M. sympodialis and M. furfur. Malassezia folliculitis due to the yeast growing in the hair follicles where they produce inflammation. Steroid acne. Seborrhoeic dermatitis, dandruff, sebopsoriasis and facial or scalp ...301 Moved Permanently. nginx/1.10.3Contact dermatitis (also called contact eczema) refers to a group of skin disorders in which the skin reaction is due to direct contact with the causative agent. The term dermatitis implies that the outside layers of skin are affected. It can be acute (a single episode) or chronic ( persistent ). Dermatitis is nearly always itchy.What is seborrhoeic dermatitis? Seborrhoeic dermatitis is a common, chronic, or relapsing form of eczema /dermatitis that mainly affects the sebaceous gland -rich regions of the …Necrotising fasciitis may also affect upper limb, perineum, buttocks, trunk, head and neck. Symptoms appear usually within 24 hours of a minor injury. Pain is often very severe at presentation and worsens over time. There may be flu-like symptoms, such as nausea, fever, diarrhoea, dizziness and general malaise. Basal cell naevus syndrome is a rare genetic cancer syndrome characterised by multiple early onset basal cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts and other tumours, and other abnormalities. Basal cell naevus syndrome (BCNS) is probably best known as Gorlin syndrome, and is also called naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, amongst many other names. 301 Moved Permanently. nginx/1.10.3Chronic paronychia is a gradual process. It may start in one nail fold, particularly the proximal nail fold, but often spreads laterally and to several other fingers. Each affected nail fold is swollen and lifted off the nail plate. This allows the entry of organisms and irritants. The affected skin may be red and tender from time to time, and ...DermNet NZ revision August 2021. Table of contents. Introduction Demographics Causes Clinical features Diagnosis Treatment Outlook. What is pityriasis versicolor? Pityriasis …Lipodermatosclerosis is an inflammatory skin condition resulting from underlying venous insufficiency. This is caused by: Incompetent venous valves. Venous outflow obstruction. Dysfunction of the calf muscle pump [2]. The resulting venous hypertension causes an increase of leukocytes within the veins, which then migrate into surrounding tissue. Tender or asymptomatic. Actinic keratoses are very common on sites repeatedly exposed to the sun, especially the backs of the hands and the face, most often affecting the ears, nose, cheeks, upper lip, vermilion of the lower lip, temples, forehead, and balding scalp. In severely chronically sun-damaged individuals, they may also be found on the ... Carotenoderma is due to carotenaemia. Primary carotenaemia is usually due to excessive intake of carotenoid-containing foods or supplements. Carotene is found in all pigmented fruits and vegetables. High levels are associated with a deep yellow, orange, or green colour. Examples of fruit and vegetables with a high β-carotene content include ... Chronic paronychia is a gradual process. It may start in one nail fold, particularly the proximal nail fold, but often spreads laterally and to several other fingers. Each affected nail fold is swollen and lifted off the nail plate. This allows the entry of organisms and irritants. The affected skin may be red and tender from time to time, and ...Urticaria pigmentosa. Urticaria pigmentosa is a form of cutaneous mastocytosis in which there are brown macules and papules. Urticaria pigmentosa is mostly seen in infants and improves with age. It may also arise in adults when it tends to persist. Lesions may affect trunk and limbs, and less often scalp and face.A solitary cutaneous neurofibroma is a common nerve -sheath tumour. It presents as a skin-coloured, soft-to-firm papule or nodule with a smooth surface. Characteristically, pressing on the lesion with a finger causes it to fold in so that the outer surface becomes an inner one, a manoeuvre called "buttonhole invagination".Angular cheilitis is a common, non-contagious, inflammatory condition affecting the corners of the mouth or oral commissures. Depending on the underlying cause, it may last a few days or persist indefinitely. It is also called angular stomatitis, cheilosis, rhagades, or perleche (perlèche).Risankizumab is an interleukin IL-23 antagonist indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in adults who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy [1]. Risankizumab was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in April 2019, in Japan in March 2019, and by the European Union in March 2019. Sun damage ( photoageing, actinic keratoses) Repeated prior episodes of sunburn. Fair skin, blue eyes and blond or red hair — note; BCC can also affect darker skin types. Previous cutaneous injury, thermal burn, disease (eg cutaneous lupus, sebaceous naevus) Inherited syndromes: BCC is a particular problem for families with basal cell naevus ... Risankizumab is an interleukin IL-23 antagonist indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in adults who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy [1]. Risankizumab was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in April 2019, in Japan in March 2019, and by the European Union in March 2019.301 Moved Permanently. nginx/1.10.3 Granuloma annulare may be a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to a component of the dermis or a reaction pattern to numerous triggers. Reported triggering events have included many skin infections and infestations, and types of skin trauma. Inflammation is mediated by tumour necrosis factor alpha ( TNF α). The reason this occurs is unknown. There are many types of drug eruption, which range from a clinically mild and unnoticed rash to a severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR) that may be life-threatening. The most common drug eruptions are: Morbilliform or exanthematous drug eruption. Urticaria and/or angioedema (which rarely leads to anaphylaxis ). SCARs are rare:Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a common, rapidly growing, locally destructive skin tumour . KAs may regress spontaneously with scarring, but clinically they may be indistinguishable from well- differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and the clinical course may be unpredictable. Thus, many clinicians and pathologists prefer the term SCC, KA-type ...Neurofibromatosis 1. NF1 occurs in about 1 in 3000 births. It also known as von Recklinghausen disease. It is characterised by the presence of: 6 or more café-au-lait macules — flat light brown birthmarks. Freckling in skin folds. Lisch nodules in the iris of the eye. Multiple neurofibromas — tumours that hang off the skin. Basal cell naevus syndrome is a rare genetic cancer syndrome characterised by multiple early onset basal cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts and other tumours, and other abnormalities. Basal cell naevus syndrome (BCNS) is probably best known as Gorlin syndrome, and is also called naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, amongst many other names. Tofacitinib (Xeljanz, Xeljanz XR ®, US) is an oral small- molecule inhibitor of Janus kinase (JAK) 1 and 3 that is used to treat psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthriti s, inflammatory bowel disease, and ankylosing spondylitis. JAK enzymes respond to extracellular growth factors, and cytokines which activate signal transduction and cell ...DermNet won the 2017 New Zealand Ministry of Health Clinician's Challenge Award for the development of a skin disease image recognition tool. [9] [10] In 2017, Oakley won the …Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma can cause harmless swelling, known as reactive or dermopathic lymphadenopathy, or malignant growth in the lymph nodes. The blood count is normal in most patients with CTCL. An elevated white cell count is characteristic of Sézary syndrome and confirmed on flow cytometry.Athlete's foot is a term often used to describe a fungal infection (or dermatophytosis) of the foot ( tinea pedis ). It most often results in peeling skin and fissuring between the toes (the toe clefts ). The cleft between the fourth and fifth toes is the most frequently affected. Fungal infection is not the only reason for peeling and ...A list of the most commonly used key terms and phrases in dermatology.It affects the superficial layers of the epidermis and is typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A beta – haemolytic streptococci (GABHS)). It can be classified into non- bullous (also known as ‘school sores’) and bullous impetigo. Ecthyma is a deep form of impetigo causing deeper erosions of the skin ...By definition, dermographism appearing at least 30 minutes after stroking. It may be described after a typical weal of immediate dermographism comes and goes, 3–6 hours later a wide weal reappears without a flare at the same site and persists for up to 48 hours. Associated with burning and tenderness of the weal.Contact dermatitis (also called contact eczema) refers to a group of skin disorders in which the skin reaction is due to direct contact with the causative agent. The term dermatitis implies that the outside layers of skin are affected. It can be acute (a single episode) or chronic ( persistent ). Dermatitis is nearly always itchy.DermNet is a worldwide clinical resource website about dermatology and skin conditions. Its co-founder and former editor-in-chief is dermatologist and Adjunct Associate Professor Amanda Oakley . [2] The website was launched in 1996 under the umbrella of the New Zealand Dermatological Society , and as of 2017, around 2 million people access the …Tinea versicolor is more accurately called pityriasis versicolor. This is a common yeast infection on the trunk. Tinea incognito refers to a tinea infection in which the clinical appearance has changed because of inappropriate treatment. Tinea nigra is a mould infection (not a dermatophyte). It affects the palms or soles, which appear brown (on ...Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition affecting hair follicles causing hair loss. It typically presents with discrete bald patches on the scalp but can cause hair loss from all hair-bearing areas on the body. Alopecia is a Latin term meaning hair loss, and areata refers to the patchy nature of the hair loss.Trichotillomania is estimated to affect up to 4% of the general population. It can affect males and females of any age but is more common in children than in adults. Peak of onset usually occurs in the pre-school years and also in early adolescence, usually around the time of puberty. In children, trichotillomania affects boys and girls equally ... Acne conglobata is a rare severe form of nodulocystic acne. It presents with groups of multiple comedones and inflammatory papules, pustules, and nodules involving the trunk, limbs, and buttocks. Interconnecting abscesses and draining sinuses become secondarily infected causing pain and malodour. Healing is slow, leaving unsightly hypertrophic ... A melanocytic naevus (American spelling ‘ nevus ’), or mole, is a common benign skin lesion due to a local proliferation of pigment cells ( melanocytes ). It is sometimes called a naevocytic naevus or just 'naevus' (but note that there are other types of naevi ). A brown or black melanocytic naevus contains the pigment melanin, so may also ... Schamberg disease ( progressive pigmented purpura) Schamberg disease is the most common type of capillaritis. Regular or irregular crops of red-brown flat patches with cayenne pepper spots on their borders appear for no apparent reason. Although most common on the lower legs, the Schamberg form of capillaritis can arise on any part of the body. Cherry angioma is an asymptomatic firm red, blue, or purple papule, 0.1–1 cm in diameter. When thrombosed, it can appear black in colour until examined with a dermatoscope when the red or purple colour is more easily seen. Cherry angiomas are usually multiple. They are usually scattered over any part of the body surface, but are rarely found ...Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a common, rapidly growing, locally destructive skin tumour . KAs may regress spontaneously with scarring, but clinically they may be indistinguishable from well- differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and the clinical course may be unpredictable. Thus, many clinicians and pathologists prefer the term SCC, KA-type ... Dermatoporosis is a term used to describe chronic cutaneous insufficiency and fragility associated with both intrinsic and extrinsic ageing. The features of dermatoporosis include: Skin fragility and atrophy. Senile purpura. Stellate pseudoscars (star-shaped white patches) Non-healing atrophic ulcers. Atopic dermatitis, also called atopic eczema, the most common inflammatory skin disease worldwide, presents as generalised skin dryness, itch, and rash. Dry atopic dermatitis in an extensor pattern. Acute flexural …Bimekizumab (Bimzelx®) is a novel humanised immunoglobulin (IgG1) monoclonal antibody used to treat moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, generalised pustular psoriasis, and psoriatic erythroderma. Bimekizumab selectively and directly inhibits interleukin 17A and 17F (IL-17A and IL-17F). It is produced in a genetically engineered … Dermatomyositis is thought to be caused by a microangiopathy affecting skin and muscle. There is a genetic predisposition to the development of dermatomyositis such as the PTPN22 gene and HLA associations identified include: Anti-Mi-2 antibodies: HLA DRB1*07 and DQA*0201. Silica exposure — in tradespeople. A melanocytic naevus (American spelling ‘ nevus ’), or mole, is a common benign skin lesion due to a local proliferation of pigment cells ( melanocytes ). It is sometimes called a naevocytic naevus or just 'naevus' (but note that there are other types of naevi ). A brown or black melanocytic naevus contains the pigment melanin, so may also ... Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a common, rapidly growing, locally destructive skin tumour . KAs may regress spontaneously with scarring, but clinically they may be indistinguishable from well- differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and the clinical course may be unpredictable. Thus, many clinicians and pathologists prefer the term SCC, KA-type ... Hyperhidrosis is the name given to excessive and uncontrollable sweating. Sweat is a weak salt solution produced by the eccrine sweat glands. These are distributed over the entire body but are most numerous on the palms and soles (with about 700 glands per square centimetre).Molluscum contagiosum is caused by a poxvirus, the molluscum contagiosum virus. There are at least 4 viral subtypes. Sexual transmission in adults. Transmission of molluscum contagiosum appears to be more likely in wet conditions, such as when children bathe or swim together. Carotenoderma is due to carotenaemia. Primary carotenaemia is usually due to excessive intake of carotenoid-containing foods or supplements. Carotene is found in all pigmented fruits and vegetables. High levels are associated with a deep yellow, orange, or green colour. Examples of fruit and vegetables with a high β-carotene content include ... Carotenoderma is due to carotenaemia. Primary carotenaemia is usually due to excessive intake of carotenoid-containing foods or supplements. Carotene is found in all pigmented fruits and vegetables. High levels are associated with a deep yellow, orange, or green colour. Examples of fruit and vegetables with a high β-carotene content include ... Risankizumab is an interleukin IL-23 antagonist indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in adults who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy [1]. Risankizumab was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in April 2019, in Japan in March 2019, and by the European Union in March 2019. Erythema multiforme is an immune-mediated, typically self-limiting, mucocutaneous condition characterised by ‘target’ lesions . Significant mucosal involvement distinguishes erythema multiforme major from multiforme minor. Episodes can be isolated, recurrent, or persistent. In most cases, erythema multiforme is precipitated by herpes ...What is seborrhoeic dermatitis? Seborrhoeic dermatitis is a common, chronic, or relapsing form of eczema /dermatitis that mainly affects the sebaceous gland -rich regions of the …Avoid use of soaps and detergents. Keep fingernails short. Keep skin hydrated. Eczema is characterised by reduced skin barrier function, which leads to enhanced water loss and dry skin, therefore, hydrate with warm soaking baths for at least 10 minutes followed by application of moisturiser/ emollient.It affects the superficial layers of the epidermis and is typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A beta – haemolytic streptococci (GABHS)). It can be classified into non- bullous (also known as ‘school sores’) and bullous impetigo. Ecthyma is a deep form of impetigo causing deeper erosions of the skin .... 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